Study Compares ‘Fast Breast MRIs’ to 3D Mammograms in Detecting Cancers

According to a new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, abbreviated breast magnetic resonance imaging (also known as “Fast Breast MRI”) detected significantly more cancers than digital breast tomosynthesis (3D mammography) in average-risk women with dense breast tissue.
 
More than 40,000 women die annually from breast cancer. The study compared Fast Breast MRI, which is a 10-minute MRI exam, to 3D mammography, in women with dense breasts, because the ability of mammography to detect breast cancer is limited in these women. Having dense breasts is not an abnormal condition; in fact, about half of all women over the age of 40 have dense breasts.
 
University Hospitals (UH) was one of the sites that enrolled patients for the national study, which closed to new patients in the end of 2017. UH has been offering Fast Breast MRI screenings for women with dense breasts at multiple sites in the health system since 2018 and has completed over 1,300 exams.
 
Women in the study were between the ages of 40 and 75, had dense breasts on their prior mammogram, and did not currently have breast cancer or any clinical symptoms. A total of 1,444 women were in the study, all of whom were screened with both 3D mammography and Fast Breast MRI within 24 hours. Participants were screened twice in the study, first as a baseline and again after one year, and are being followed for three additional years.
 
Results of the Study
Donna Plecha, MD, chair of the Department of Radiology at UH, said, “When screening women at average risk for breast cancer with dense breasts, the study found that Fast Breast MRIs detected significantly more (almost two and a half times as many) breast cancers as 3D mammography. While mammography is less expensive than MRIs, it is less effective at detecting cancers in dense breasts. MRIs have been limited to women with high risk factors, but this study showed that 10-minute MRIs were more effective than 3D mammograms at finding cancers in dense tissue in women of average risk.”
 
Currently, Fast Breast MRI is not covered by insurance and has an out of pocket cost of $250. “Our hope is that this study will help insurers see the benefit of the new test to improve early detection of breast cancer,” said Dr. Plecha, although she said more research needs to occur on its cost-effectiveness and impact on reducing deaths from breast cancer.
 
UH was part of the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (ECOG-ACRIN) which designed and conducted the study with funding from the National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, and Bracco Diagnostics Inc. (Monroe Township, NJ).